I have no idea where the tribal gene lies within the human genome. I cannot say if it is one gene or some combination of genes. I only know for sure that it exists.
It is responsible for our kind's most horrific acts: genocides, holocausts, wars.
The ability of human beings to de-humanize another human being in the name of religion, country, ideology and to brutally destroy them--man, woman and child--reflects this dark side to human nature.
Notice how easily we are trapped by its lure. We seem to innately see ourselves in small tribal units for which we willingly sacrifice our own lives for its existence. This is manifested by the hero who does just that. Does this contradict our nature desire for survival? Actually no. There is a sense within us all--some more developed than others--that self-sacrifice for the sake of our "kin" is justified.
Its so interesting to observe the tendency to become exclusive rather than inclusive. Within Christianity, for example, there are numerous sects and denominations. Each has felt justified in separating itself off from the greater whole. But all religions tend to splinter themselves into divergent factions. Wars have been fought over such ideological differences.
If we seek the biological sources for this gene, we should look no further than our closest genetic relative--the chimpanzee. I saw a chilling documentary on chimp behavior. It showed an overhead video of chimps in the wild jungles, marching single file in order to surprise and destroy another tribe . When they reached the other tribe, they literally ripped them apart. No one was spared, including the elderly, females and babies.
People question how the Nazi's carried out their horrific policies, yet tucked their own babies in bed at night and rested without remorse. They simply dehumanized their "enemy". Any atrocity could be justified in such a manner.
Our only hope as a species is to be aware of this genetic tendency. We all share it so blaming Germans, Africans, Rwandans, Hut sis etc is a cop out.
It is us--we are tribal beasts. Perhaps by revealing the truth, we can attempt to reign in our genetic imperative. Unlikely, but we have nothing to lose by trying.